Core Principle

This axiom establishes that "Universe" is a conceptual framework for referring to the totality of physical reality, not a physical object or bounded entity. The Universe encompasses:

  1. All space — infinite and continuous (per Axiom 2)
  2. All matter — infinite in quantity and infinitely divisible (per Axiom 3 and Axiom 5)
  3. All motion — the movement of matter through space

Unlike Axioms 1-3, which make direct assertions about physical reality, Axiom 4 defines how we conceptualize and refer to that reality as a unified whole. The Universe is not something that was created, can be destroyed, or has boundaries—it is the conceptual totality of everything that physically exists.

Key Definitions

Universe

The totality of all space and all matter.

  • Infinite in spatial extent
  • Contains infinite matter
  • Unified and continuous (not separate regions with different physics)
  • Has no boundaries, edges, center, or privileged locations
  • Eternal — no beginning or end
  • Not a physical object but a conceptual framework

The Universe is analogous to "all real numbers" in mathematics—a concept that encompasses infinity without itself being a bounded thing.

Cosmic Region

A clustering of matter within the Universe, separated from other such clusterings by vast spans of space.

  • Our Cosmic Region contains all the galaxies we can currently observe and more
  • Different Cosmic Regions are separated by immense distances
  • All Cosmic Regions exist within continuous infinite space
  • Same physics operates in all Cosmic Regions

Observable Portion

What we can detect from our location within the Universe, limited by observational technology and the time available for light to reach us.

  • Not the same as "the Universe"
  • Limited by vast distances and light travel time
  • We may never observe other Cosmic Regions because light hasn't had time to reach us
  • Our observations are inherently local, not universal

Self-Similarity Context: Cosmic Regions as Higher-Level Atoms

One of the most profound implications of the AAM's self-similarity principle is understanding what Cosmic Regions represent in the hierarchy of structure:

The Self-Similarity Hierarchy

Solar System Scale:

  • Our solar system will become a hydrogen atom for the next higher similarity level
  • The planets will become the planetrons
  • The Oort cloud will become the valence cloud

Galactic Scale:

  • Our galaxy will become a solar system for the next higher similarity level
  • The globular clusters will form the planets
  • The outer spiral arms will coalesce into the Oort cloud

Cosmic Region Scale:

  • Our Cosmic Region will become a galaxy for the next higher similarity level
  • Superclusters of galaxies will become the globular clusters within the galaxy
  • As the Cosmic Region begins to rotate faster, spiral arms will form

The Progression Upward

Our entire Cosmic Region is currently forming what will eventually become:

  1. First: A galaxy — superclusters become globular clusters, rotation creates spiral arms
  2. Then: A solar system — after unfathomable time spans
  3. Finally: An atom — providing building blocks for even higher similarity levels

What This Axiom Rejects

1. Big Bang Cosmology

Conventional Claims:

  • Universe began from a singularity ~13.8 billion years ago
  • Space itself was created in the Big Bang
  • Before the Big Bang, nothing existed
  • Space itself is expanding

Logical Impossibilities:

  1. Something from Nothing: Big Bang requires space and matter to emerge from absolute nothingness—this is mysticism, not physics
  2. Space Created from Non-Space: What does it mean for space itself to be "created"? Into what would space expand if space didn't already exist?
  3. Expansion Without Container: "Expanding space" requires pre-existing space to expand into
  4. Uncaused First Cause: Big Bang violates causality by proposing an uncaused beginning

Observational Misinterpretations:

  • Redshift ≠ Expansion: Alternative explanation through tired light—light loses energy over vast distances through aether medium
  • Cosmic Microwave Background: Could be residual radiation from ongoing processes in infinite universe
  • Galaxy Recession: Could result from rotation rather than expansion

The AAM Alternative: Stable principles that don't require constant revision, mechanical explanations for all observations, logical consistency without something-from-nothing, and an eternal universe with local processes at all scales.

2. Multiverse Theories

The AAM rejects all multiverse concepts:

  • Terminological Confusion: "Universe" means "all turned into one"—if there are multiple universes, the term loses meaning
  • No Physical Separation: All Cosmic Regions exist in continuous space with same physics everywhere
  • Adds Unnecessary Complexity: One physics everywhere is simpler than separate "universes" with different laws

3. The Universe as a Physical Object

The Universe is a concept, not a physical object:

  • You cannot "create" the Universe (what would create it from what materials?)
  • You cannot "destroy" the Universe (where would it go?)
  • The Universe doesn't have an age (local structures age, but Universe is eternal)
  • The Universe cannot "die" (no heat death in infinite system)

4. Center or Edge of the Universe

In infinite space:

  • There is no center—every location is equivalent
  • There is no edge—space extends infinitely in all directions
  • There is no privileged location—same physics everywhere

Rotation vs Expansion: A Major Insight

The AAM proposes that what appears as expansion is actually rotation of our Cosmic Region:

The Mechanism:

  1. Cosmic Region is Rotating: Just as solar systems and galaxies rotate, our Cosmic Region rotates—self-similarity predicts rotation at all scales
  2. Our Position Within Rotation: We are located somewhere within the rotating structure, affecting how we observe motion
  3. Formation of Higher-Level Galaxy: Current Cosmic Region will eventually become a galaxy at the next similarity level

Why It Appears as Expansion:

  • Rotational velocity gradients—different radial distances rotating at different rates
  • Our embedded position—we can't see the rotation from outside
  • Projection effects—3D rotation projected onto our 2D observational sphere

Testable Predictions:

  1. Angular patterns in galaxy distribution
  2. Asymmetries based on rotational orientation
  3. Velocity patterns distinct from pure Hubble flow
  4. No need for "dark energy" to explain acceleration

Heat Death Reconsidered

The heat death concept fails in the AAM framework:

Why Heat Death Doesn't Apply:

  1. Infinite System: Second law applies to closed finite systems—Universe is infinite and not closed
  2. Eternal Dynamics: Matter is always in motion (Axiom 8)—no static equilibrium state possible
  3. Different Meaning at Different SLs: "Coldness" has different meaning at different similarity levels

The Pattern Across Similarity Levels:

  • Lower SLs (SL-1, SL-2...): More iron-based composition, less fusion/fission, "colder," more organized and stable
  • Our SL (SL0): Large amount of fusion/fission, high energy release, dynamic processes
  • Higher SLs (SL+1, SL+2...): Even more fusion/fission, less settled, still organizing

This is opposite to conventional heat death prediction—lower levels become more organized, higher levels are still forming, and one-directional progression continues eternally.

Eternal Existence: No Beginning, No End

The Logical Necessity

Given infinite space (Axiom 2), infinite divisibility (Axiom 3), and infinite matter (Axiom 5): The Universe has always existed and will always exist.

No First Event

  • Infinite divisibility means you can always ask "what came before?"
  • Any proposed "first event" prompts the question "what caused it?"
  • Only way to avoid infinite regress: accept infinite progression

Superior to "Something from Nothing"

Big Bang Problems: Requires something from absolute nothing, violates causality, requires special pleading

AAM Solution: Matter has always existed, no need for creation event, no mysticism required, simpler and more logical

Eternally Dynamic, Not Static

The AAM's eternal universe features:

  • Constant motion at all scales
  • One-directional progression through similarity levels
  • Old SLs stabilize while new ones form
  • Like time itself: eternal but directional

Common Objections and Responses

Objection 1: "If the Universe is eternal, where did matter come from?"

Response: This question assumes matter must have "come from" somewhere, which already assumes creation. In the AAM, matter has always existed—it didn't "come from" anywhere. Assuming eternal existence is logically simpler than assuming creation.

Objection 2: "Doesn't the redshift prove the Universe is expanding?"

Response: Redshift proves light from distant objects is shifted toward longer wavelengths. The AAM explains this through tired light—light loses energy over vast distances through interaction with the aether medium.

Objection 3: "Doesn't thermodynamics predict heat death?"

Response: The second law applies to closed, finite systems. The Universe is infinite and not closed. In infinite space with infinite matter, processes continue eternally at all scales.

Objection 4: "If there's no beginning, isn't that just as mysterious as creation?"

Response: Eternal existence is logically simpler. Creation requires something from nothing, uncaused first cause, and mysticism. Eternal existence requires only accepting infinity—already established in Axiom 2.

Open Questions for Future Investigation

Observational

  1. Rotational Signatures: Can we detect angular patterns in galaxy distribution?
  2. Other Cosmic Regions: Can we ever detect evidence of other Cosmic Regions?
  3. Hubble Constant Reinterpretation: How does rotational velocity gradient relate to Hubble measurements?

Theoretical

  1. Cosmic Region Development: What determines the size/scale of a Cosmic Region?
  2. Matter Distribution: Why does matter cluster into Cosmic Regions?
  3. Heat and Similarity Levels: Detailed model of fusion/fission at different SLs

Relationship to Other Axioms

Axiom 4 serves as a conceptual bridge between the foundational physical axioms and the cosmological implications:

Builds On:

  • Axiom 1: Establishes Universe as space + matter + motion
  • Axiom 2: Provides infinite space as container for Universe
  • Axiom 3: Establishes infinite divisibility enabling eternal existence

Prepares For:

  • Axiom 5: Infinite matter fills infinite space
  • Axiom 8: Constant motion produces eternal dynamics
  • Axiom 9: Time emerges from matter in motion